Medical Air Transport

The history of medical air transport can be traced all the way back to the 1700s. During that time, hot air balloons were used during World War I as a way to evacuate wounded soldiers who needed medical help. The first evidence of a plane being used as an ambulance can be found in the French records, and after this, the ability to save lives in battle greatly increased in Los Angeles, 1974, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) created the first air ambulance company based out of the United States. Today, Medical Air Transport can be seen in over 170 countries worldwide. It is a billion dollar industry, and is predicted to grow significantly in the coming years, due partly to the significant aging world population. Helicopters in air transport typically carry from 3-4 staff members on board when going to pick up patients. This would include a flight nurse, flight paramedic, and or flight physician. The flight physician is in control when making medical decisions, their word is law. These medical professionals are responsible for keeping the patient alive until they reach the hospital. On board the aircraft, there is similar equipment to that of a ground ambulance. Some of the devices are compacted to fit tightly in the helicopter, leaving room for the crew and patient. Air ambulances also carry a drug box containing all the necessary medications they need for multiple medical emergencies. One significant limiting factor is the weather. Many companies will ground all flights if conditions are bad enough. Especially if the hospital where the patient is being delivered does not have the proper instrument flight rules, equipment and lighting for takeoff and landing. Another limiting factors cost. The price of aviation fuel and necessary medical equipment is much more than ground ambulances. Maintaining the aircraft and equipment can be time consuming and costly as well.